Why minimum payments can stretch debt out
Interest is charged against the outstanding balance. When a payment is only slightly larger than the interest due, relatively little principal is removed and the payoff period can become very long.
If a payment does not cover accruing interest, the balance may fail to decline or can even grow. In that situation, increasing the payment, lowering the rate, or seeking a structured repayment option may be necessary.
Snowball and avalanche strategies
The debt avalanche method generally directs extra money to the highest-interest debt first while maintaining required payments on the others. Mathematically, this can reduce interest cost when followed consistently.
The debt snowball method generally targets the smallest balance first. It may not always minimize interest, but some people value the motivation created by eliminating accounts sooner. The best plan is one that is affordable, sustainable, and does not cause you to miss required payments.